Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Front Matter (Title Page, Table of Content, General Information, and Editorial Team)

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia — 2023-11-29

Back Matter (Acknowledgement & Index, Submission Guide, Author Guidelines, Subscription Form)

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia — 2023-11-29

Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Older People in East-Coast Malaysia

Siti Suhana Zakaria — 2023-11-29

Older people are increasing in number globally, and they are likely to have mental health problems, including depression. In this population, the risk of having depressive symptoms is very high due to multidimensional factors, but these symptoms are often undertreated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older people living on the East Coast of Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in several areas of the state of Terengganu based on multilayered stratified sampling. A total of 240 participants were randomly selected. Several instruments were employed, such as the Geriatric Depression Scale, University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Duke University Religion Index, Barthel Modified Index, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 24.6%. The results of the multivariate logistic regression model also revealed that being a single elderly (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] = 4.42; Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.22; 15.96), poor social support (aOR = 3.06; CI = 1.18; 7.93), loneliness (aOR = 21.11; CI = 9.87; 45.18), impaired functional status (aOR = 3.39; CI = 1.22; 9.39), impaired instrumental function (aOR = 6.09; CI = 1.95; 19.0), and having asthma (aOR = 14.14; CI = 2.83; 70.5) were associated with depressive symptoms. Thus, screening older people during primary care is needed for early detection of depression and initiation of community-based interventions to address the psychological aspects of this disorder.

Keywords: aging, community dwelling, depression, elderly, factor, mental health

Abstrak

Faktor-Faktor yang Berkaitan dengan Gejala Depresi pada Kalangan Lansia di Pantai Timur Malaysia. Jumlah penduduk lanjut usia di seluruh dunia semakin meningkat, dan mereka cenderung mempunyai masalah kesehatan mental, termasuk depresi. Pada populasi ini, risiko terjadinya gejala depresi sangat tinggi karena faktor multidimensi, namun gejala tersebut seringkali tidak tertangani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala depresi di kalangan lansia yang tinggal di Pantai Timur Malaysia. Sebuah studi cross-sectional dilakukan di beberapa wilayah negara bagian Terengganu berdasarkan multilayered stratified sampling. Sebanyak 240 peserta dipilih secara acak. Beberapa instrumen yang digunakan antara lain Geriatric Depression Scale, University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Duke University Religion Index, Barthel Modified Index, dan Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Prevalensi gejala depresi adalah 24,6%. Hasil multivariate logistic regression model juga mengungkapkan bahwa menjadi lansia tunggal (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4,42; Confidence Interval [CI] = 1,22; 15,96), dukungan sosial yang buruk (aOR = 3,06; CI = 1,18; 7,93), kesepian (aOR = 21,11; CI = 9,87; 45,18), gangguan status fungsional (aOR = 3,39; CI = 1,22; 9,39), gangguan fungsi instrumental (aOR = 6,09; CI = 1,95; 19,0), dan menderita asma (aOR = 14,14; CI = 2,83; 70,5) berhubungan dengan gejala depresi. Oleh karena itu, memeriksa lansia selama perawatan utama diperlukan untuk deteksi awal depresi dan inisiasi intervensi berbasis komunitas yang dapat mengatasi aspek psikologis dari gangguan ini.

Kata Kunci: depresi, faktor, kesehatan mental, lansia, penuaan, tempat tinggal komunitas

Sleep Quality and Stress Levels Among Nurses: A Single Center Study

Siti Zuhaidah Shahadan — 2023-11-29

The issue of nurses' sleep quality, which has a significant impact on their mental health, has not received enough attention. Nurses’ stress and mental health can affect patient care, so poor sleep quality in nurses can lead to stress and patient harm. Thus, this study examines the relationship between sleep quality and stress in nurses at a university hospital in Kuantan, Malaysia. This cross-sectional study used convenience sampling. A total of 101 nurses in the hospital were recruited to complete a series of questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and the depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS21). SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyze the data. Hypothesis testing was conducted with an independent sample t-test. The mean age of the participants was 27.2 ± 4.15 years; 88.1% of the participants were Malay and 98.0% were female. Of these nurses, 86.1% reported having poor sleep quality. Most (76.2%) had normal stress levels, 9.9% were mildly stressed, and 5.0% were moderately stressed. According to the findings, 5.0% of nurses had extremely severe stress, and 4.0% had severe stress. Poor sleepers had a higher stress score (t 93.984 = -6.395, p < .001). This study suggests that sleep quality may have an impact on the psychological wellbeing of nurses. Thus, hospital administrations must address this issue for nurses to help them provide high-quality patient care.

Keywords: nurses, psychological wellbeing, sleep quality

Abstrak

Kualitas Tidur dan Tingkat Stres di Kalangan Perawat: Studi Pusat Tunggal. Masalah kualitas tidur perawat, yang memiliki dampak signifikan pada kesehatan mental mereka, belum mendapatkan cukup perhatian. Stres dan kesehatan mental perawat dapat memengaruhi perawatan pasien, sehingga kualitas tidur yang buruk pada perawat dapat menyebabkan stres dan bahaya bagi pasien. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara kualitas tidur dan stres pada perawat di sebuah rumah sakit universitas di Kuantan, Malaysia. Studi potong lintang ini menggunakan sampel kenyamanan. Sebanyak 101 perawat di rumah sakit direkrut untuk mengisi serangkaian kuesioner, termasuk Indeks Kualitas Tidur Pittsburgh (PSQI) dan Skala Depresi Kecemasan Stres 21 (DASS21). SPSS versi 23.0 digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji t independen. Usia rata-rata partisipan adalah 27,2 ± 4,15 tahun; 88,1% dari mereka adalah orang Melayu dan 98,0% perempuan. Dari perawat tersebut, 86,1% melaporkan memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk. Sebagian besar (76,2%) memiliki tingkat stres normal, 9,9% mengalami stres ringan, dan 5,0% mengalami stres sedang. Menurut temuan, 5,0% perawat mengalami stres sangat parah, dan 4,0% mengalami stres parah. Orang yang tidur buruk memiliki skor stres yang lebih tinggi (t 93,984 = -6,395, p < ,001). Studi ini menyarankan bahwa kualitas tidur dapat berdampak pada kesejahteraan psikologis perawat. Oleh karena itu, administrasi rumah sakit harus mengatasi masalah ini untuk membantu perawat memberikan perawatan pasien berkualitas tinggi.

Kata Kunci: kualitas tidur, perawat, psikologis perawat

Smoking Among Adolescents and Associated Factors in Rural Areas

Hanida Hani Mohd Mokhtar — 2023-11-29

Smoking among adolescents is the major health-related issues in Malaysia. However, information concerning recent smoking rates and how they correlate among adolescents in rural areas is still limited. This study aimed to determine the percentage of adolescent smokers among high school students, examine their level of nicotine dependence, and study the association between sociodemographic data and smoking status. A cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the high schools located in the rural area of Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Pahang, Malaysia. A convenience sampling method was used to select the participants, as only Form 2 students were available during the data collection. In total, 113 respondents were recruited for the study. The data, which were collected using self-administered questionnaires were analyzed using chi-square analysis and Fisher’s exact test analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of adolescent smokers among high school students was quite high (25.7%). Among the adolescent smokers, 65.5% had low nicotine dependence, and 34.5% had moderate nicotine dependence. Moreover, 21.4% of them admitted that they had tried other substances or drugs in addition to cigarettes. Peer pressure was the major factor in smoking (69.0%), followed by curiosity (27.6%), and then smoking family members’ influence, stress or tension, and others (3.4% each). The only significant association (p < 0.001) was between gender and smoking status. These findings showed that the proportion of smokers among adolescents is increasing over the years; thus, effective strategies, such as peer advocacy of smoking cessation, may be needed among this population.

Keywords: adolescent, peer influence, rural areas, smoking, students

Abstrak

Merokok di Kalangn Remaja dan Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhinya di Daerah Pedesaan. Merokok di kalangan remaja adalah masalah kesehatan utama di Malaysia. Namun, informasi mengenai tingkat perokok saat ini dan korelasinya di kalangan remaja di daerah pedesaan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase remaja perokok di kalangan siswa sekolah menengah atas (SMA), mengetahui tingkat ketergantungan nikotin, dan mempelajari hubungan antara data sosiodemografi dengan status merokok. Sebuah studi cross-sectional dilakukan di salah satu SMA yang terletak di daerah pedesaan Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Pahang, Malaysia. Metode convenience sampling digunakan untuk memilih peserta, hanya siswa Form 2 yang bersedia selama pengumpulan data. Sebanyak 113 responden direkrut untuk penelitian ini. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang dikelola secara mandiri, dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis chi-square dan analisis Fisher’s exact test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi perokok remaja pada siswa SMA cukup tinggi (25,7%). Di antara remaja perokok, 65,5% memiliki ketergantungan nikotin tingkat rendah, dan 34,5% memiliki ketergantungan nikotin tingkat sedang. Terlebih, 21,4% di antaranya mengaku pernah mencoba zat atau obat lain selain rokok. Tekanan dari orang terdekat (teman) merupakan faktor utama dalam merokok (69,0%), diikuti oleh rasa ingin tahu (27,6%), dan pengaruh anggota keluarga yang merokok, stres atau ketegangan, dan lain-lain (masing-masing 3,4%). Satu-satunya hubungan yang signifikan (p < 0,001) adalah antara jenis kelamin dan status merokok. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa proporsi perokok di kalangan remaja meningkat dari tahun ke tahun; oleh karena itu, strategi yang efektif, seperti advokasi sejawat untuk berhenti merokok, diperlukan di kalangan populasi ini.

Kata Kunci: daerah pedesaan, merokok, pengaruh teman sebaya, remaja, siswa

The Relationship of Self-Care Behaviours and Online Learning Engagement Among Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mazlinda Musa — 2023-11-29

The COVID-19 pandemic and the sudden switch from conventional to virtual classes allegedly raised students' risk of mental health illnesses, adversely influencing their academic engagement and learning outcomes. Nursing students in Malaysia, especially those enrolled in universities in Sabah, have traditionally been accustomed to a conventional face-to-face teaching and learning approach. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, e-learning or online classes have become one of the learning methods for university nursing students in Sabah, either while they are on campus or at home, to obtain access for educational purposes. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between self-care behaviours and online class engagement among the university nursing students in Sabah throughout the pandemic. This study was a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study that used the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) and the Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE). SPSS version 26. Pearson Correlation analysis showed moderate level of positive relationship (r = 0.582, p = < 0.001, n = 120). Adequate evidence exists to show that level of self-care is positively moderately related to the online classes’ engagement behaviour among the nursing students in this study. Students should possess the self-control to set goals, effectively allocate their time, and avoid procrastination.

Keywords: online classes, online engagement, pandemic, self-care

Abstrak

Hubungan Perilaku Perawatan Mandiri dan Keterlibatan Pembelajaran Online di antara Mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas di Sabah Selama Pandemi COVID-19. Pandemi COVID-19 dan peralihan tiba-tiba dari kelas konvensional ke kelas virtual diduga meningkatkan risiko penyakit kesehatan mental siswa, yang secara negatif memengaruhi keterlibatan akademik dan hasil belajar mereka. Mahasiswa keperawatan di Malaysia, khususnya mahasiswa keperawatan universitas di Sabah, telah terbiasa dengan pengajaran dan pembelajaran tatap muka. Di tengah pandemi COVID-19, e-learning atau kelas online menjadi salah satu metode pembelajaran bagi mahasiswa keperawatan universitas di Sabah, baik di kampus maupun di rumah, untuk mendapatkan akses untuk keperluan pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai hubungan antara perilaku perawatan mandiri dan keterlibatan kelas online di kalangan mahasiswa keperawatan universitas di Sabah selama pandemi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) dan Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE). SPSS versi 26 Pearson Correlation menunjukkan tingkat hubungan positif sedang (r = 0,582, p = < 0,001, n = 120). Ada bukti yang memadai untuk menunjukkan bahwa tingkat perawatan mandiri secara positif terkait dengan perilaku keterlibatan kelas online di antara mahasiswa keperawatan dalam penelitian ini.

Kata Kunci: kelas online, keterlibatan online, pandemi, perawatan mandiri

Willingness of Graduate Nursing Students to Provide Care for COVID-19 Patients

Andrea Beatrice Josef — 2023-11-29

Nurses play a key role in management and care services to maintain patient safety; however, with the emergence of COVID-19, the number of nurses still continues to decline. Due to the on-going problem that even novice nurses may see as a major challenge, this study aims to identify whether nursing graduates are willing to participate in the care of COVID-19 patients. The study is cross-sectional where a total of 146 conveniently chosen nursing graduates currently enrolled in Nursing Review Centers in the Philippines preparing to take the Nurse Licensure Examination. The data were collected using Google forms from August to September 2020 using a four-part questionnaire which includes demographic information sheet, COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and questions pertaining to their willingness to care for COVID-19 patients. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman rho were used to analyze the data. After gathering the information from the participants, the results had ultimately shown that the majority of the participants (86.3%) are willing to care for COVID-19 patients. The ones with the most significant positive correlation with willingness were age (p = 0.008), self-reported health (p = 0.000), self-reported knowledge about COVID-19 (p = 0.001), and interest to become a Registered Nurses (p = 0.000). Based on these results, the majority of the participants had been willing to care for patients with COVID-19, although the factors that influence were associated with their willingness differ.

Keywords: COVID-19, nursing graduates, willingness

Abstrak

Kesediaan Lulusan Mahasiswa Keperawatan dalam Memberikan Perawatan Pasien COVID-19. Perawat memainkan peran kunci dalam manajemen dan pelayanan perawatan untuk menjaga keselamatan pasien; namun dengan munculnya COVID-19 jumlah perawat semakin berkurang. Masalah ini masih berlangsung dan dianggap sebagai tantangan besar bahkan oleh perawat pemula, oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah lulusan keperawatan bersedia berpartisipasi dalam perawatan pasien COVID-19. Studi ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada 146 lulusan keperawatan yang terdaftar di Pusat Tinjauan Keperawatan (Nursing Review Centers) di Filipina dan sedang bersiap untuk mengikuti ujian lisensi perawat (Nurse Licensure Examination). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan formulir Google dari Agustus hingga September 2020 menggunakan kuesioner empat bagian yang meliputi lembar informasi demografi, Skala Persepsi Risiko COVID-19, Skala Ketakutan terhadap COVID-19, dan pertanyaan terkait kesediaan mereka untuk peduli terhadap pasien COVID-19. Statistik deskriptif seperti frekuensi, persentase, mean, dan standar deviasi serta statistik inferensial seperti Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis, dan Spearman rho digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Setelah mengumpulkan informasi dari para peserta, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peserta (86,3%) bersedia merawat pasien COVID-19. Korelasi positif yang paling signifikan dengan kemauan adalah usia (p = 0,008), laporan kesehatan diri (p = 0,000), pengetahuan yang dilaporkan sendiri tentang COVID-19 (p = 0,001), dan minat menjadi registered nurse (p = 0,000). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, mayoritas peserta telah bersedia merawat pasien COVID-19, meskipun faktor yang memengaruhi kesediaannya berbeda-beda.

Kata Kunci: COVID-19, kesediaan, lulusan keperawatan