Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 354
10.7454/jki.v20i3.623
Submitted: 2018-03-13
Published: 2017-11-11

KEKERASAN FISIK DAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA NARAPIDANA LANSIA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN JAWA BARAT

Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia
Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia
physical abuse psychological abuse elderly penitentiaries

Abstract

Lansia merupakan kelompok rentan dengan berbagai risiko kesehatan. Kelompok rentan lebih mudah terpapar masalah kesehatan, salah satunya adalah kekerasan fisik dan psikologis. Kelompok rentan yang berada dalam tempat berisiko,   salah satu tempat berisko adalah lemabaga pemasyarakatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kekerasan fisik dan psikologis pada narapidana lansia di lembaga pemasyarakatan Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan sampel total berjumlah 36 responden yang terdapat di tiga lembaga pemasyarakatan. Instrumen penelitian merujuk pada Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) dengan menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan fisik yang terjadi di lembaga pemasyarakatan sebesar 41,67% dan kekerasan psikologis 36,11%. Suku Sunda adalah suku yang mengalami kekerasan fisik dan psikologi paling besar dibandingkan dengan suku lainnya. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan perawat, psikolog dan petugas lapas untuk bekerjasama dalam melakukan pencegahan kekerasan fisik dan psikologis, serta meningkatkan sarana keagamaan dan spiritual sebagai koping yang dilakukan oleh narapidana lansia.

 

Kata kunci: kekerasan fisik, kekerasan psikologis, lansia, lembaga pemasyarakatan.

 

Physical and psychological violence at the Penitentiary Convicts Elderly in West Java. Aging process causing elderly to become one of the vulnerable groups. Vulnerable groups are susceptible to health problems, including physical and psychological abuse. Penitentiaries is one of vulnerable places that causes elderly as a vulnerable groups. This study aimsto describe physical and psychological abuse on elderly inmates in West Java Penitentiaries.This study was conducted at three penitentiaries in West Java with 36 respondents usingHwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) instrument. The result showed that physical abuse 41,67% and psychological abuse 36,11%.Sundanese is one of ethnic groups that showed the biggest percentage of elderly physical and psychological abuse among the other ethnics. Nurses, psychiatrist, and penitentiary officers need to prevent physical and psychological abuse together. Furthermore, nurses need to optimize spiritual and religious activities as a coping mechanism among elderly inmates.

 

Keywords: physical abuse, psychological abuse, elderly, penitentiaries.

References

  1. American Psychological Association. (2012). Elder Abuse & Neglect: in search of solution. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  2. Benjamin, A. E, Matthias, R. E., (2013). Health & Social Work: Abuse and neglect of clients in agency-based and consumer-directed home care. Silver Spring: Oxford University Press. Tersedia di Basis data tesis dan disertasi ProQuest. (ProQuest document ID: 2105492 32).
  3. Bryant-Davis, T., & Wong, E.C. (2013). Faith to move mountains: religious coping, spirituality, and interpersonal trauma recovery. American Psychologist, 68 (8), 675–684.
  4. Luoma, M.-L., Koivusilta, M., Lang, G., Enzenhofer, E., De Donder, L., Verté, D., Reingarde, J., Tamutiene, I., Ferreira-Alves, J., Santos, A.J. & Penhale, B. (2011). Prevalance study of abuse and violance against older women: Results of a multi-cultural survey conducted in Austria, Belgium, Finland, Lithuania, and Portugal (European report of the AVOW project). Finland: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL).
  5. DeLaune, S.C., Ladner, P.K. (2011). Fundamentals of nursing: Standards & practice (4th Ed.). Canada: Cengage Learning.
  6. Hasnain, N., Ansari, S.A., & Samantray, S. (2011). Spirituality and happiness as correlates of well-being in religious women. European Journal of Social Sciences, 20 (3), 431–442.
  7. Hartati, H. (2006). Budaya Kekerasan dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Tesis, Program Studi Magister Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Universitas Indonesia). Depok: Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Indonesia
  8. Hicks, T.J.Jr. (2000). What is your life like now?: Loneliness and elderly individuals residing in nursing homes. J Gerontol Nurs, 26 (8), 15–19.
  9. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Buletin jendela: Data dan informasi kesehatan. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan RI.
  10. Keohane, P., Lax, G., Sed, C., Sterns, A., & Sterns, R. (2008). The growing wave of older prisoners: A national survey of older prisoner health, mental health and programming. Lanham: American Correctional Association, Inc.
  11. Keigher, S.M. (Ed.). (1991). Housing risks and homelessness among the urban elderly. New York: The Haworth Press, Inc.
  12. Kosberg, J.I., & ACSW. (2008). The abuse of elderly men. Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 9 (3), 69–88. doi: 10.1300/J084v09n 03_04.
  13. Lachs, M.S., Berkman, L., Fulmer, T., & Horwitz, R.I. (1994). A prospective community-based pilot study of risk factors for the investigation of elder maltreatment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 42 (2), 169–173.
  14. Lachs, M.S., & Pillemer, K. (2014). Abuse an neglect of elderly persons. N Engl J Med, 332, 437–443. doi: 10.1056/NEJM19950216 3320706.
  15. Lastiti, L. (2014). Hubungan salah perlakuan pada lansia dengan kualitas hidup lansia dalam keluarga di Kelurahan Curug, Cimanggis (Skripsi, tidak dipublikasi). Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, Depok.
  16. Liwarti, L. (2013). Hubungan pengalaman spiritual dengan psychological well being pada penghuni lembaga pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Sains dan Praktik Psikologi, 1 (1), 77–88.
  17. Mackenzie, E.R., Rajagopal, D.E., Meibohm, M., & Lavizzo-Mourey, R. (2000). Spiritual support and psychological well-being: older adults’ perceptions of the religion and health connection. Altern Ther Health Med, 6 (6), 37–45.
  18. McDonald, L. (2011). Elder abuse and neglect in Canada: The glass is still half full. Can J Aging, 30 (3), 437–465. doi: 10.1017/S07149 80811000286.
  19. Miller, C.A. (2012). Nursing for wellness in older adults (6th Ed.). Philadephia: J.B. Kippincot Company.
  20. Nazir, K.A. (2006). Penilaian kualitas hidup pasien pasca bedah pintas koroner yang menjalani rehabiitasi fase III dengan menggunakan SF-36 (Tesis Master, Program Studi Magister Universitas Indonesia). Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
  21. Potter, P.A., & Perry, A.G. (2009). Fundamental of nursing: Concept, process and practice (7th Ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby-Elsevier.
  22. Pusat Data dan Informasi. (2008). Jumlah penyandang masalah kesejahteraan sosial menurut kriteria lanjut usia terlantar (Kabupaten/Kota). Diperoleh pada tanggal 27 November 2014. http://dbyanrehsos.Dep sos.go.id/map.php?mode=pmks&p=11&iid=206
  23. Samsun, S. (2005). Kebijakan dan manajemen pen-cegahan dan penyelesaian etnis narapidana (Tesis, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia). Depok: Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia.
  24. Singh, R.S. (2014). Elderly abuse and neglect: The challenges ahead. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 5 (3), 398–401.
  25. Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2004). Community & public health nursing (6th Ed.). (Penerjemah: N. Juniarti, S. Kurniangsih). Jakarta: EGC.
  26. Sørensen, J., Kruse, M., Gudex, C., Helweg-Larsen, K., & Brønnum-Hansen, H. (2012). Physical violence and health-related quality of life: Danish cross-sectional analyses. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 10, 113. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-113
  27. Wallace, L.S., Rogers, E.S., & Weiss, B.D. (2008). Relationship health literacy and health-related quality of life among Tennesseans. Tenn Med, 101 (5), 35–39.

How to Cite

Adiansyah, A., & Sukihananto, S. (2017). KEKERASAN FISIK DAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA NARAPIDANA LANSIA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN JAWA BARAT. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 20(3), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v20i3.623