Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 161
10.7454/jki.v22i3.592
Submitted: 2023-04-06
Published: 2019-11-29

Pengaruh Aplikasi Model "Simbol Andi" terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Keterampilan Anak Usia Sekolah dengan Risiko Cedera di Kota Depok

Institute of Health Sciences Husada Hospital, Jakarta 11730
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
anak usia sekolah intervensi keperawatan model simbol risiko cedera

Abstract

Cedera menyebabkan 5,8 juta kematian di dunia dan 16% kasus cedera menyebabkan kecacatan. Faktor perilaku anak usia sekolah yang meliputi pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan terkait pencegahan cedera berpengaruh terhadap kejadian cedera. Strategi pencegahan cedera yang dilakukan adalah dengan Model Sandi (Simbol Andi) menggunakan video animasi dengan tokoh bernama Andi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Model Sandi dalam pencegahan cedera pada tatanan komunitas, khususnya di lingkungan sekolah. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment pre-post test without control group. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 136 anak usia sekolah berusia 11–12 tahun yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster sampling. Pengetahuan mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan cedera meningkat sebesar 2,18 poin dengan SD= 1,60, sikap mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan cedera meningkat sebesar 1,97 poin dengan nilai SD= 0,99 dan keterampilan mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan cedera meningkat sebesar 2,06 poin dengan nilai SD= 2,19. Hasil analisis menujukkan adanya perubahan yang bermakna pada pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi (p< 0,05). Intervensi Model Sandi diharapkan dapat dijadikan salah satu pendekatan intervensi keperawatan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan risiko cedera pada anak usia sekolah.

Abstract

The influence of "Simbol Andi" Model Application of Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills of School Ages with Injury Risk in Depok City. Injuries caused 5.8 million deaths worldwide and 16% of injury cases caused disability. Behavioral of school-age children that include knowledge, attitudes, and skills affect the incidence of injury in school-aged children. “Sandi” Symbolic Modelling is injury prevention using video animation for injury prevention. This study aimed to an analysis of the application of Model Sandi (Simbol Andi) in the prevention of injury to the community. The design of this study was a quasi-experiment pre and posttest without control group. A total sample 136 school-aged children at 11 and 12 years old involved in this study. The sampling method used cluster sampling technique. Results knowledge on prevention and treatment of injury increased by 2.18 points, attitude on prevention and treatment of injury increased by 1.97 points and skill on prevention and treatment of injury increased by 2.06 points. The results showed significant changes in knowledge, attitude, and skills before and after intervention (p< 0.05). Model Sandi Intervention is expected to be one of the approaches of nursing intervention in solving the problem of risk of injury in school-aged children at school.

Keywords: Symbolic modeling, nursing intervention, risk of injury, school-aged children

References

  1. Atak, N., Karaoğlu, L., Korkmaz, Y., & Usubütün, S.A. (2010). Household survey: Unintentional injury frequency and related factors among children under five years in Malatya. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics, 52, 285–293.
  2. Azwar, S., (2012). Sikap manusia teory dan pengukurannya (Edisi 11). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
  3. Bandura, A. (2008). Observational learning. In W. Donsbach, (Ed.) International encyclopedia of communication (Vol. 7, pp. 3359–3361). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  4. Bandura, A., & Menlove, F. (1968). Factors determining vicarious extinction through symbolic modeling. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 99–108.
  5. Bandura, A., & Rosenthal, T.L. (1966). Vicarious classical conditioning as a function of arousal level. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 54–62.
  6. Cao, B.L, Shi, Q.X., Qi, Y.H., Hui, Y., Yang, H.J., Shi, S.P., Luo, L.R., Zhang, H., Wang, X., & Yang, Y.P (2015). Effect of multilevel education intervention model on knowledge and attitudes of accidental injuries in rural children in Zunyi, Southwest China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12 (4), 3903–3914.
  7. Cormier, W.H., & Cormier, L.S. (1985). Interviewing strategies for helpers: Fundamental skill cognitive behavioral interventions (2nd Ed.). Monterey, California:
  8. Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Doll, L.S., Bonzo, S.E., Mercy, J.A., & Sleet, D.A. (2007). Handbook of injury and violence prevention. Springer Science: Business media.
  9. Hammarstram, A., & Janlert, U. (1994) Epidemiologi of school injuries in ther northemport of Sweden. Scand J. Soc Med., 22 (2), 120–126 .
  10. Joint Consortium for School Health. (2012). Injury prevention, quick scan of activities and resources in Canadian schools. Governments working across the health and education sectors. Canada: Pan Canadian.
  11. Joint Consortium for School Health. (2012). What is comprehensive school health. Canada: Pan Canadian.
  12. Kemeneg PP & PA (2011). Kabupaten/ Kota layak anak: Bahan advokasi kebikajan KLA. Kementrian Pemberdayaan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia.
  13. Kemenkes RI. (2013). Riset kesehatan dasar 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
  14. Kusbiantoro, D. (2014). Praktik pencegahan cedera pada anak usia toddler ditinjau dari pengetahuan dan sikap orangtua tentang bahaya cedera di Desa Kembangbahu Kecamatan Kembangbahu Kabupaten Lamongan. Surya: Jurnal Media Komunikasi Ilmu Kesehatan, 2 (XVIII), 32–40.
  15. Kuschithawati, S., Magetsari, R., & Nawi. (2007). Faktor resiko terjadinya cedera pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Jurnal Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat, 23 (3), 131–141.
  16. Li, Q., Alonge, O., Lawhorn, C., Ambaw, Y., Kumar, S., Jacobs, T., & Hyder, A.A. (2018). Child injuries in Ethiopia: A review of the current situation with projections. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0194692. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194692.
  17. Maglaya, A.S. (2009). Nursing practice in the community (5th Ed). Philippine: Argonauta Corporation.
  18. Marquis, B.L., & Huston, C.J. (2010). Leadership roles and roles management functions in nursing: theory and application (5th Ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  19. Nadratushalihah, K.R. (2014). Efektivitas teknik symbolic modeling untuk mengembangkan personal safety skills peserta didik. Bandung: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
  20. National Safety Council. (2006) Pencegahan cedera. Jakarta: EGC.
  21. Nelson-Jones, R. (2011). Teori dan praktek konseling dan terapi (Edisi 4). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
  22. Notoatmojo, S. (2007). Ilmu perilaku kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
  23. Polit, D.F., Beck, C.T., & Hungler, B.P. (2001). Essentials of nursing research (5th Ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
  24. Utami, R.A. (2017). Hasil pengkajian awal kejadian cedera pada anak usia sekolah (Report, unpublished). Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia, Depok – West Java.
  25. Vranada, A. (2011). Pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan tentang child safety terhadap perilaku orangtua dalam pemecahan kecelakaan anak usia toddler di PAUD Yasmin Sentolo Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. Skripsi. Naskah Publikasi. STIKes Aisiyah Yogyakarta.
  26. WHO. (2012). Injuries and violence: The facts. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44288/9789241599375_eng.pdf;jsessionid=B328D76BC9D8FCCB496BF6C7B801E155?sequence=1.

How to Cite

Utami, R. A., Setiawan, A., & Fitriyani, P. (2019). Pengaruh Aplikasi Model "Simbol Andi" terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Keterampilan Anak Usia Sekolah dengan Risiko Cedera di Kota Depok. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 22(3), 182–190. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v22i3.592