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Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 298
10.7454/jki.v22i3.726
Submitted: 2023-04-06
Published: 2019-11-29

The Impact of Vegetarian Diets and Body Mass Index on Hypertension

RSUP Dr Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, South Sumatera
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
BMI diet hypertension vegetarian

Abstract

A vegetarian diet is believed to prevent hypertension. This study aims to identify the impact of vegetarian diets, including fat, salt, potassium, and body mass index (BMI), on hypertension. Data was taken by systematic random sampling method from 173 vegetarians and analyzed using chi-square. The result showed that there is no significant association between the intake of fat, sodium, and potassium with hypertension in vegetarians (p> 0.05). However, there is a significant relationship between BMI with the incidence of hypertension (p= 0.025), where overweight res-pondents are 3.837 more likely to have hypertension (OR 3.837; 95% CI= 1,256–11,721). It implies that vegetarians tend to have a safe intake of fat, salt, and potassium, and therefore, this condition prevents hypertension. Thus, health promotion about the selection of sources of fat, regulation of salt, potassium intake, and weight management will be beneficial for vegetarians in preventing hypertension.

Abstrak

Dampak Diet Vegetarian dan Indeks Massa Tubuh terhadap Hipertensi. Diet vegetarian diyakini dapat mencegah hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak diet vegetarian, meliputi asupan lemak, garam, kalium, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) terhadap hipertensi. Data diperoleh melalui metode systematic random sampling pada 173 vegetarian dan dianalisis menggunakan chi-square. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan lemak, garam, dan kalium pada vegetarian dengan hipertensi (p> 0.05). Namun, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dengan kejadian hipertensi (p= 0.025), dimana responden dengan berat badan berlebih 3.837 kali berpeluang lebih besar untuk mengalami hipertensi (OR 3.37; 95% CI= 1.256–11.721). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa vegetarian cenderung memiliki asupan lemak, garam, dan kalium yang aman sehingga kondisi ini dapat mencegah hipertensi. Dengan demikian, promosi kesehatan mengenai pemilihan sumber lemak, pengaturan asupan garam:kalium, dan manajemen berat badan akan sangat bermanfaat bagi vegetarian untuk mencegah hipertensi.

Kata kunci: diet, hipertensi, IMT, vegetarian

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How to Cite

Mariha, T., & Wiarsih, W. (2019). The Impact of Vegetarian Diets and Body Mass Index on Hypertension. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 22(3), 228–236. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v22i3.726