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Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 50
10.7454/jki.v28i2.1494
Submitted: 2024-06-19
Published: 2025-07-31

Community-Based Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
Professional Nursing Programs, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
Nursing Science, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
Nursing Science, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Scotland-United Kingdom
Center of Health and Behavior Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
community-based intervention chronic disease developing countries healthy behavior type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant public health challenge, especially in developing countries with limited healthcare resources. There is a critical need for community-based interventions (CBIs) to promote healthy lifestyles for individuals with T2DM. This study explores CBIs to improve health behavior among T2DM patients in developing countries. It systematically reviews articles from PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases. The search strategy employed specific keywords following the PRISMA Extension for Systematic Reviews. The quality of the included articles was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A narrative synthesis summarized the key findings across the selected articles. The inclusion criteria were full-text primary research reporting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in developing countries, focusing on community-based interventions, and published between 2014 and 2023. A review of twelve articles, with sample sizes ranging from 54 to 12,140 participants, explored interventions such as exercise, empowerment, peer support, and web-based programs. These interventions showed significant effectiveness: six articles reported improvement in health behavior, two in medical adherence, three in physical activity, four in positive attitudes, and two in quality of life (QoL). Five articles reported a consistent trend toward reduced HbA1c levels. This review highlights the potential of CBIs as effective strategies for addressing the complex challenges of T2DM in developing countries. Community health nurses may play a pivotal role in implementing and leading these interventions, particularly those involving technology-based approaches, to enhance self-care practices and improve glycaemic outcomes among individuals with T2DM.

Keywords: community-based intervention, chronic disease, developing countries, healthy behavior, type 2 diabetes mellitus

 

Abstrak

Intervensi Berbasis Komunitas untuk Manajemen Pasien dengan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Negara Berkembang: Tinjauan Sistematis. Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan tantangan kesehatan yang signifikan, terutama di negara berkembang dengan sumber daya kesehatan yang terbatas. Intervensi berbasis komunitas sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan perilaku hidup sehat individu dengan DMT2. Tinjauan ini mengeksplorasi intervensi berbasis komunitas untuk meningkatkan perilaku kesehatan pasien DMT2 di negara berkembang. Tinjauan literatur sistematis dilakukan menggunakan basis data PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, dan CINAHL. Strategi pencarian menggunakan kata kunci khusus mengikuti PRISMA Extension untuk Tinjauan Sistematis. Kualitas studi yang disertakan dinilai menggunakan JBI. Sintesis data menggunakan pendekatan naratif, merangkum temuan kunci dari studi yang masuk ke dalam kriteria penyertaan, yaitu merupakan penelitian utama RCT teks lengkap yang dilakukan di negara berkembang, berfokus pada intervensi berbasis komunitas, dan diterbitkan antara tahun 2014-2023. Tinjauan terhadap dua belas artikel, dengan ukuran sampel berkisar antara 54 hingga 12.140 peserta, mengeksplorasi intervensi seperti olahraga, pemberdayaan, dukungan sebaya, dan program berbasis web. Intervensi dalam studi-studi tersebut menunjukkan efektivitas yang signifikan, dengan enam artikel melaporkan peningkatan dalam perilaku kesehatan, dua artikel dalam kepatuhan medis, tiga artikel dalam aktivitas fisik, empat artikel dalam sikap positif, dan dua artikel dalam QoL. Selain itu, lima artikel melaporkan tren penurunan kadar HbA1c yang konsisten. Tinjauan ini menyoroti potensi intervensi berbasis komunitas sebagai strategi yang efektif untuk mengatasi tantangan kompleks dari DMT2 di negara berkembang. Perawat kesehatan masyarakat dapat berperan penting dalam melaksanakan dan menjadi garda depan intervensi ini, khususnya yang melibatkan pendekatan berbasis teknologi, guna meningkatkan praktik perawatan mandiri dan hasil glikemik pada individu dengan DMT2.

Kata Kunci: diabetes melitus tipe 2, intervensi berbasis komunitas, negara berkembang, penyakit kronis, perilaku sehat

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How to Cite

Lutfian, L., Wardika, I. J., Azizah, A., Wildana, F., Taplo, Y. M., & Wartakusumah, R. (2025). Community-Based Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 28(2), 68–83. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v28i2.1494