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Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 868
10.7454/jki.v25i3.1227
Submitted: 2023-01-19
Published: 2022-11-30

Hospital-Acquired Malnutrition in the Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
child hospitalization malnutrition weight-loss

Abstract

Malnutrition is a global problem, from which hospitalized patients are not exempt. Hospital-acquired malnutrition (HaM) is associated with adverse outcomes in pediatric patients. Therefore, health professionals need to understand the factors related to the issue in such patients. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of HaM in pediatric patients. It employed a cross-sectional design involving children from one month to 18 years old who had been hospitalized for at least 72 hours. HaM was determined by a weight loss of more than 2% by the fourth day of hospitalization. The final sample was 373, from which it was indicated that the prevalence of HaM was 7%. There were statistically significant correlations between HaM and predictor factors, including age (p = 0.001), type of disease (p = 0.017), weight on admission (p = 0.001), nutritional therapy (p = 0.012), and class of ward (p = 0.001). However, the correlation between HaM and length of stay was not statistically significant. HaM occurred in younger patients in relation to infectious diseases, low admission weight, enteral nutrition therapy, longer hospital stays, and lower ward class. Nurses are expected to monitor pediatric patients’ condition, including regular anthropometric measurement, to identify the initial signs of HaM.

 

Abstrak

Malnutrisi Didapat di Rumah Sakit Pada Pasien Anak di Indonesia: Studi Potong Lintang. Malnutrisi masih menjadi masalah global, termasuk pada pasien di rumah sakit. Malnutrisi didapat di rumah sakit (MDdRS) berkaitan dengan hasil yang buruk terhadap pasien anak sehingga tenaga kesehatan perlu mengetahui faktor yang berkaitan dengan MDdRS pada pasien anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian MDdRS pada pasien anak. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang pada pasien anak usia 1 bulan hingga 18 tahun dan dirawat minimal 72 jam. MDdRS ditentukan berdasarkan penurunan berat badan lebih dari 2% pada hari rawat keempat. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 373 dengan hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi MDdRS sebesar 7%. Faktor yang berpengaruh secara statistik pada kejadian malnutrisi di rumah sakit adalah usia(p = 0,001), jenis penyakit (p = 0,017), berat badan pada awal masuk rumah sakit (p = 0,001), terapi nutrisi (p = 0.012), dan kelas perawatan (p = 0,001). Lama rawat memiliki hubungan yang tidak bermakna secara statistik dengan kejadian MDdRS. Kejadian MDdRS terjadi pada usia yang lebih muda, jenis penyakit infeksi, berat badan awal masuk yang lebih rendah, terapi nutrisi enteral, lama rawat yang lebih tinggi, dan kelas perawatan yang lebih rendah. Perawat diharapkan dapat memantau kondisi pasien anak, termasuk mengukur antropometri secara berkala untuk mengidentifikasi tanda awal MDdRS.

Kata Kunci: anak, kehilangan berat badan, malnutrisi, rumah sakit

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How to Cite

Falahaini, A., & Wanda, D. (2022). Hospital-Acquired Malnutrition in the Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 25(3), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v25i3.1227