Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 936
10.7454/jki.v23i1.900
Submitted: 2023-01-30
Published: 2020-03-30

Effectiveness of Otago Exercise on Health Status and Risk of Fall Among Elderly with Chronic Illness

Maranatha Kupang School of Health Sciences, Nusa Tenggara Timur 85361
Maranatha Kupang School of Health Sciences, Nusa Tenggara Timur 85361
Maranatha Kupang School of Health Sciences, Nusa Tenggara Timur 85361
Maranatha Kupang School of Health Sciences, Nusa Tenggara Timur 85361
Maranatha Kupang School of Health Sciences, Nusa Tenggara Timur 85361
chronic illness health status older adults Otago exercise risk of fall

Abstract

Falls are a serious consequence of declining physical function. Otago exercise is a strength and balance training program designed to prevent falls and enhance health status among the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-week Otago exercise intended to reduce the risk of falls and health status among the elderly with chronic illness in the social elderly institution. This quasi-experimental study employed a pre- and post-test design using a control group. The study involved an intervention group (21 respondents) and a control group (21 respondents). The sample used in this study were elderly living in a social elderly institution. The sample was selected using simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney test, independent t-test, and Chi-square test. Otago exercise significantly reduced the respondents’ risk of falling and enhanced their health status. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the risk of fall (p= 0.041) and health status (p= 0.011). Otago exercise significantly improves the health status and reduces the risk of falling among elderly with chronic illness. The exercise can be recommended for older adults with chronic illness in social elderly institutions and communities.

 

Abstrak

Efektivitas Latihan Otago terhadap Status Kesehatan dan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia dengan Penyakit Kronik. Jatuh adalah konsekuensi serius dari penurunan fungsi fisik. Latihan Otago adalah program latihan kekuatan dan keseimbangan yang didesain untuk mencegah jatuh dan meningkatkan status kesehatan pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi efek 12 minggu latihan Otago untuk menurunkan risiko jatuh dan meningkatkan status kesehatan pada lansia dengan penyakit kronik di Panti Sosial lansia. Penelitian Quasi-eksperimental ini menggunakan pre-post dengan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok intervensi dan kontrol masing-masing terdiri dari 21 responden. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang tinggal di UPT Kesejahteraan Sosial Lanjut Usia Budi Agung Kupang.  Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simpel random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan Mann-Whitney test, Independent t-test dan Chi-square test. Latihan Otago secara signifikan menurunkan risiko jatuh dan meningkatkan status kesehatan. Ada perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok dalam hal risiko jatuh (p= 0.041) dan status kesehatan (p= 0.011).  Latihan Otago secara signifikan menurunkan risiko jatuh dan meningkatkan status kesehatan pada lansia dengan penyakit kronik.

Kata Kunci: lansia, latihan Otago, penyakit kronik, risiko jatuh, status kesehatan

References

  1. Abdulrazaq, S., Oldham, J., Skelton, D.A., O’Neill, T., Munford, L., Gannon, B., … Stanmore, E.K. (2018). A prospective cohort study measuring cost-benefit analysis of the Otago Exercise Programme in community dwelling adults with rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 1–9. https://doi. org/ 10.1186/s12913-018-3383-4.
  2. Albornos-Muñoz, L., Moreno-Casbas, M.T., Sánchez-Pablo, C., Bays-Moneo, A., Fernández-Domínguez, J.C., Rich-Ruiz, M., … Rivera-Álvarez, A. (2018). Efficacy of the Otago Exercise Programme to reduce falls in community dwelling adults aged 65–80 years old when delivered as group or individual training. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(7), 1700–1711. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13583.
  3. Bjerk, M., Brovold, T., Skelton, D.A., Liu-Ambrose, T., & Bergland, A. (2019). Effects of a falls prevention exercise programme on health-related quality of life in older home care recipients: A randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing, 48(2), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy192.
  4. Chow, R.B., Lee, A., Kane, B.G., Jacoby, J.L., Barraco, R.D., Dusza, S.W., … Greenberg, M.R. (2019). Effectiveness of the “Timed Up and Go” (TUG) and the chair test as screening tools for geriatric fall risk assessment in the ED. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 37(3), 457–460. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ajem.2018.06.015.
  5. Day, L. (2011). The Otago strength and balance exercise programme lowers the risk of death and falls in the older people at 12 months. Evidence-Based Nursing, 14(3), 76–78. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebn1157.
  6. Dimitroff, G. (2015). Singapore's fiscal strategies for growth. Singapore: World Scientific. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1142/978 9813228016_0019.
  7. Falah, N.M., Putranto, R., Setyohadi, B., & Rinaldi, I. (2017). Uji keandalan dan kesahihan kuesioner kualitas hidup short form 12 Berbahasa Indonesia pada pasien Artritis Reumatoid. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 4(3), 105–111.
  8. Grove, S.K., & Gray, J.R. (2019). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice (7th Ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.
  9. Kiik, S.M., Sahar, J., & Permatasari, H. (2019). Effectiveness of balance exercise among older adults in Depok City, Indonesia. Enferm Clin, S1130-8621(19), 30047–6. doi: 10.10 16/j.enfcli.2019.01.004.
  10. Kocic, M., Stojanovic, Z., Nikolic, D., Lazovic, M., Grbic, R., Dimitrijevic, L., & Milenkovic, M. (2018). The effectiveness of group Otago exercise program on physical function in nursing home residents older than 65 years: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 75(2018), 112–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2017. 12.001.
  11. Kyrdalen, I.L., Moen, K., Røysland, A.S., & Helbostad, J.L. (2014). The Otago exercise program performed as group training versus home training in fall-prone older people: A randomized controlled trial. Physiotherapy Research International, 19 (2), 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1002/pri.1571.
  12. Liston, M.B., Alushi, L., Bamiou, D.E., Martin, F.C., Hopper, A., & Pavlou, M. (2014). Feasibility and effect of supplementing a modified OTAGO intervention with multisensory balance exercises in older people who fall: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 28(8), 784–793. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269 215514521042.
  13. Martins, A.C., Santos, C., Silva, C., Baltazar, D., Moreira, J., & Tavares, N. (2018). Does modified Otago Exercise Program improves balance in older people? A systematic review. Preventive Medicine Reports, 11, 231–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr. 2018.06.015
  14. Mat, S., Ng, C.T., Tan, P.J., Ramli, N., Fadzli, F., Rozalli, F.I., … Tan, M.P. (2018). Effect of modified otago exercises on postural balance, fear of falling, and fall risk in older fallers with knee osteoarthritis and impaired gait and balance: A secondary analysis. PM and R, 10(3), 254–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. pmrj.2017.08.405
  15. Polit, D., & Beck, C. (2018). Essentials of nursing research appraising evidence for nursing practice (9th Ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health.
  16. Rekawati, E. (2014). Efektivitas model keperawatan keluarga santun lansia dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas asuhan keluarga pada lansia di Depok, Jawa Barat (Doctoral Dissertation, Degree in Nursing). Depok: Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia.
  17. Riasmini, N.M., Kamso, S., Sahar, J., & Prasetyo, S. (2013). Efektivitas model kelompok keluarga mandiri untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup lanjut usia di masyarakat wilayah DKI Jakarta. Universitas Indonesia (Doctoral Dissertation, Degree in Nursing). Depok: Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia. Retrieved from http://lib.ui.ac.id /file?file=digital/20350880-D1448-NiMade Riasmini.pdf.
  18. Sahar, J., Setiawan, A., & Riasmini, N.M. (2019). Keperawatan kesehatan komunitas dan keluarga, edisi bahasa Indonesia. Singapura: Elsevier Singapura Pte Ltd.
  19. Seah, B., Kowitlawakul, Y., Jiang, Y., Ang, E., Chokkanathan, S., & Wang, W. (2019). A review on healthy ageing interventions addressing physical, mental and social health of independent community-dwelling older adults. Geriatric Nursing, 40(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.06.002.
  20. Shubert, T.E., Goto, L.S., Smith, M.L., Jiang, L., Rudman, H., & Ory, M.G. (2017). The otago exercise program: Innovative delivery models to maximize sustained outcomes for high risk, homebound older adults. Frontiers in Public Health, 5, 1–8. https://doi.org/10. 3389/fpubh.2017.00054.
  21. Skelton, G., Skelton, H., Gawler, S., & Hannah, S. (2018). Home exercise. Retrieved from http://www.laterlifetraining.co.uk/llt-home-exercise-booklets/.
  22. Statistics Indonesia. (2013). Indonesia population projection. Jakarta: BPS-Statistics Indoensia. Retrieved from https://www.bappenas.go.id/ files/5413/9148/4109/Proyeksi_Penduduk_Indonesia_2010-2035.pdf.
  23. Ware, J.E., Kosinski, M., Turner-bowker, D.M., & Gandek, B. (2009). User ’s manual for the SF-12 health survey. Health (San Francisco). Lincoln, Rhode Island: QualityMetric Incorporated.
  24. Wati, D.N.K, Sahar, J., & Rekawati, E. (2018). Effectiveness of Lafiska exercise on risk of fall, balance, and health status in the elderly. Enfermeria Clinica, 28(S1), 337–342. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S1130-8621(18)30181-5.
  25. The Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2017). Analisis Lansia di Indonesia. Jakarta: The Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved from www.depkes.go. id/download.php?file=download/.../infodatin lansia 2016.pdf%0A.
  26. WHO. (2018). Falls. Geneva: WHO. Retrieved from https://www.who,int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls.

How to Cite

Kiik, S. M., Vanchapo, A. R., Elfrida, M. F., Nuwa, M. S., & Sakinah, S. (2020). Effectiveness of Otago Exercise on Health Status and Risk of Fall Among Elderly with Chronic Illness. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 23(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v23i1.900