Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Articles
VIEWS: 156
10.7454/jki.v23i1.551
Submitted: 2023-02-01
Published: 2020-03-30

Oral Care Prevents Late-Onset Sepsis in Risk Preterm Infants

School of Health Sciences Mercubaktijaya Padang, Padang 25173, West Sumatera
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424
exclusive breastfeeding late-onset sepsis oral care risk preterm infants sepsis

Abstract

The incidence of infections in preterm infants is still quite high. In this study, oral care with human breast milk was implemented in risk preterm infants as a precaution. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental method with a non- equivalent control group and posttest only design in 40 risk preterm infants. The participants were divided into two groups of 20. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and a Wilcoxon test. The results show that this intervention has an effect on the incidence of late-onset sepsis in preterm infants. The effect is based on symptoms: body temperature instability (p= 0.021), C-reactive protein (p= 0.006), and leukocytes (p= 0.020) all indicated differences between the two groups. It is recommended that this practice be adopted as a routine therapy program in perinatology.

 

Abstrak

Perawatan Mulut Mencegah Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Lambat pada Bayi Prematur Risiko Tinggi. Angka kejadian infeksi setelah lahir pada bayi prematur masih cukup tinggi. Pelaksanaan intervensi pemberian oral care menggunakan air susu ibu pada bayi prematur risiko tinggi telah dilakukan sebagai pencegahan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain post-test only, kelompok kontrol non ekuivalen, pada 40 bayi prematur risiko tinggi sebagai sampel. Responden dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, masing-masing kelompok 20 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t independen dan wilcoxon. Hasil Intervensi ini terbukti memiliki manfaat terhadap dalam menurunkan kejadian sepsis neonatorum awitan lambat pada bayi prematur berdasarkan tanda klinis seperti ketidakstabilan suhu tubuh (p= 0,021), hasil pemeriksaan C-Reaktif Protein (p= 0,006) dan leukosit (p= 0,020) yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Intervensi ini diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan menjadi program terapi rutin yang akan dilakukan di ruang rawat perinatologi.


Kata Kunci: ASI eksklusif, bayi prematur, oral care, sepsis, sepsis neonatorum awitan lambat

References

  1. American Academy of Pediatrics. (2012). Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics, 129 (3), e827–e841. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-3552
  2. Bekhof, J., Reitsma, J.B., Kok, J.H., & Van Straaten, I.H. (2013). Clinical signs to identify late onset sepsis in preterm infants. Europe Journal Pediatric, 172 (4), 501–508. http://doi.10.1007/s00431-012-1910-6.
  3. Bertinov, E., Giuliani, F., Baricco, M., Di Nicola, P., Peila, C., Vassia, C., … Coscia, A. (2013). Benefits of donor milk in the feeding of preterm infants. Early Human Development, 89 (S2), 8–11. http://doi.10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.008.
  4. Dong, Y., & Speer, C.P. (2015). Late onset sepsis: Recent developments. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal Neonatal Edition, 100 (3), 257–263. http://doi.10.1136/archdischild-2014-306213.
  5. Downey, L.C., Smith, P.B., & Benjamin, D.K., Jr. (2010). Risk factors and prevention of late-onset sepsis in premature infants. Early Hum Dev, 86 (1), 7–12. doi:10.1016/j1.earlhumdev.2010.01.012.
  6. Gephart, S., & Weller, M. (2014). Colostrum as oral iImmune therapy to promote neonatal health. Advances in Neonatal Care, 14(1), 44–51. doi:10.1097/ANC.00000000000000052.
  7. Gibbins, S., Wong, S.E., Unger, S., & O’Conner, D. (2013). Donor human milk for preterm infants: Practice considerations. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 19(4), 175–181. http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2013.04.002.
  8. Gomella, T.L., Cunningham, M.D., & Eyal, F. (2013). Neonatology: Management, procedures, on-call problems, disease, and drugs. New York: Mc Graw Hill Education.
  9. Hammoud, M.S., Al-Taiar, A., Thalib, L., Al-Sweih, N., Pathan, S., & Isaacs, D. (2012). Incidence, etiology and resistance of late onset sepsis neonatal sepsis: A five year prospective study. Journal of Pediatric Child Health, 48(7), 604–609. http://doi.10.1111/ j.1440-1754.2012.02432.x.
  10. Kinney, M.V., Lawn, J.E., Howson, C.P., & Belizan, J. (2012). 15 million preterm births annually: What has change this year? Reproductive Health, 9, 1–4. http://doi.10. 1186/1742-4755-9-28.
  11. Lee, J., Kim, H.S., Jung, Y.H., Choi, K.Y., Shin, S.H., Kim, E.K., & Choi, J.H. (2015). Oropharyngeal colostrum administration in extremely premature infants: An RCT. Journal World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114 (2), 358–366. http://doi./10.1159/000441922.
  12. Møller, H.K., Fink, L.N., Sangild, P.T., & Frøkiær, H. (2011). Colostrum and amniotic fluid from different species exhibit similar immunomodulating effects in bacterium-stimulated dendritic cells. Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, 31 (11), 813–823. http://doi.10.1089/jlr.2010.0070.
  13. Morgan, J., Bombell, S., & McGuire, W. (2013). Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database System Review, 3, CD000504.
  14. Pammi, M., & Abrams, S.A. (2011). Oral lactoferrin for the prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Cochrane Database System Review, 10, CD007137.
  15. Qazi, S.A., & Stoll, B.J. (2009). Neonatal sepsis: A major global public health challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J., 28 (1 Suppl), S1–2. doi: 10. 1097/INF.0b013e31819587a9.
  16. Rodriguez, N.A., & Caplan, M.S. (2015). Oropharyngeal administration of mother’s milk to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in extremely low-birth-weight infants. Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 29(1), 81–90. http://doi.org/10.1097/JPN.0000000000000087.
  17. Rodriguez, N.A., Groer, M.W., Zeller, J.M., Janet, L., Fogg, L., Du, H., & Caplan, M. (2011). A randomized controlled trial of the oropharyngeal administration of mother ’s colostrum to extremely low birth weight infants in the first days of life. Journal of Perinatology-Neonatology, 24(4), 31–35.
  18. Rodriguez, N.A., Meier, P.P., Groer, M.W., Zeller, J.M., Engstrom, J.L., & Fogg, L. (2010). A pilot study to determine the safety and feasibility of oropharyngeal administration of own mother’s colostrum to extremely low-birth-weight infants. Journal Advances in Neonatal Care, 10 (4), 206–212. http://doi. org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e3181e94133.
  19. Rodriguez, N.A., Vento, M., Claud, E.C., Wang, C.E., & Caplan, M.S. (2015). Oropharyngeal administration of mother's colostrum, health outcomes of premature infants: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Journal Trials, 16 (1), 1–14. http://doi.org/ 1186/s13063-015-0969-6.
  20. Sohn, K., Kalanetra, D., Mills, D.A., & Underwood, M.A. (2015). Buccal administration of human colostrum: Impact on the oral microbiota of premature: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Perinatology, 36 (2), 106–111. http://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2015.157.
  21. Stemberger, L., & Tesovic, G. (2012). Neonatal sepsis. Pediatric Today, 8(2), 91–99. http:// doi.10.5457/p2005-114.44.
  22. Sugiyono. (2015). Metode penelitian pendidikan (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D). Bandung: CV. Alfabeta.
  23. Thibeau, S., & Boudreaux, C. (2013). Exploring the use of mothers' own milk as oral care for mechanically ventilated very low-birth-weight preterm infants. Journal Advances in Neonatal Care, 13 (3), 190–197. http://doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e318285f8e2.
  24. Troger, B., Gopel, W., Faust, K., Muller, T., Jorch, G., Felderhoff-Muser, U., … Hartel, C. (2014). Risk for late onset blood culture proven sepsis in very low birth weight infants born small for gestational age: A large multicenter study from the German Neonatal Network. Pediatric Infection Disease Journal, 33(3), 238–243. http://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000031.
  25. Underwood, M.A. (2013). Human milk for premature infant. Journal Pediatric Clinical North Am, 60 (1), 189–207. http://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.pcl.2012.09.08.

How to Cite

Wahyuni, F., Rustina, Y., & Efendi, D. (2020). Oral Care Prevents Late-Onset Sepsis in Risk Preterm Infants. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 23(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v23i1.551